CAMBRIDGE EMPOWER A2 • UNIT 10

Experiences, Modern World & Technology

Life experiences, digital apps, smart cities, Present Perfect with Ever/Never vs Past Simple

Unit 10 Vocabulary Matrix • جدول المفردات اللغوية

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#	Word / Expression	Part of Speech	Meaning in Context	الترجمة العربية	Natural Example Sentence
1	travel abroad	verb phrase	to travel to or in a foreign country	يُسافِر إلى الخارِج	“Have you ever travelled abroad for an international academic conference?”
2	scuba dive	verb phrase	to swim underwater using self-contained breathing equipment	يَغُوص (بِمُعَدّات التَّنَفُّس)	“We went to the Red Sea coral reefs to scuba dive among exotic marine life.”
3	climb a mountain	verb phrase	to ascend a steep mountain on foot or using ropes	يَتَسَلَّق الجَبَل	“He has climbed Mount Sawda twice with a certified mountain guide.”
4	ride a camel	verb phrase	to sit on and control the movement of a camel	يَرْكَب الجَمَل	“Tourists in AlUla love to ride camels across the golden desert dunes.”
5	sleep in a tent	verb phrase	to spend the night inside a portable cloth shelter outdoors	يَنام فِي خَيْمَة (يُخَيِّم)	“We slept in a traditional Bedouin tent under a clear, starlit sky.”
6	see a wild animal	verb phrase	to observe an animal living in its natural, untamed habitat	يَرَى حَيَواناً بَرِّيّاً	“During our desert safari, we were lucky to see an Arabian oryx.”
7	win a prize	verb phrase	to be awarded a trophy, medal, or award for success in a contest	يَفُوز بِجائِزة	“Our school debate team won first prize in the national tournament.”
8	meet a famous person	verb phrase	to encounter or be introduced to a celebrated public figure	يَلْتَقِي بِشَخْص مَشْهُور	“He met a world-famous cardiovascular surgeon at the Riyadh Medical Summit.”
9	fly in a helicopter	verb phrase	to travel through the air in a rotary-wing aircraft	يَرْكَب طائِرة هِيلِيكُوبْتَر	“We flew in a helicopter to view the majestic rock formations of AlUla from above.”
10	sail a boat	verb phrase	to travel across water in a yacht or sailboat	يُبْحِر بِقارِب	“He learned how to sail a small boat during his summer vacation in Jeddah.”
11	cook a meal	verb phrase	to prepare hot food for breakfast, lunch, or dinner	يَطْبُخ وَجْبة طَعام	“She cooked a delicious traditional Kabsa meal for the entire extended family.”
12	adventure	noun	an unusual and exciting, typically hazardous, experience or activity	مُغامَرة	“Exploring the volcanic craters of Harrat Khaybar was an unforgettable adventure.”
13	experience	noun / verb	practical contact with and observation of facts or events; knowledge gained	تَجْرِبة / خِبْرة	“Studying abroad was a life-changing educational experience.”
14	fascinating	adjective	extremely interesting and captivating	مُثِير لِلاهْتِمام جِدّاً / ساحِر	“The documentary on deep-sea marine biology was absolutely fascinating.”
15	unusual	adjective	not habitually or commonly occurring or done; remarkable	غَيْر عادِي / فَرِيد	“It is unusual to see snow falling on the northern desert hills in winter.”
16	brave	adjective	ready to face and endure danger or pain; showing courage	شُجاع	“The brave firefighter rescued the family from the burning building.”
17	thrilling	adjective	causing excitement and pleasure; exhilarating	مُشَوِّق ومُثِير لِلحَماس	“Riding the roller coaster at Six Flags Qiddiya was a thrilling experience.”
18	discover	verb	to find something unexpectedly or in the course of a search	يَكْتَشِف	“Archaeologists discovered ancient tombs dating back over two thousand years.”
19	challenge	noun / verb	a task or situation that tests someone’s abilities	تَحَدٍّ	“Running a full marathon in warm desert weather is a demanding physical challenge.”
20	achieve	verb	to successfully bring about or reach by effort, skill, or courage	يُحَقِّق / يُنْجِز	“She worked diligently to achieve top academic honors in medical school.”
21	wildlife	noun (uncountable)	wild animals collectively; the native fauna of a region	الحَياة الفِطْرِيّة / البَرِّيّة	“The national nature reserve protects endangered wildlife species.”
22	safari	noun	an expedition to observe or hunt animals in their natural habitat	رِحْلة سَفارِي	“We booked a 4x4 desert safari to explore the vast golden sand dunes.”
23	guide	noun / verb	a person who shows the way to others, especially one employed to show tourists around	مُرْشِد سِياحِي / يَقُود	“Our local Saudi heritage guide explained the historical inscriptions in detail.”
24	monument	noun	a building, statue, or other structure erected to commemorate a person or event	مَعْلَم أَثَرِي / صَرْح	“The ancient mud-brick fortress of Masmak is a celebrated national monument.”
25	spectacular	adjective	beautiful in a dramatic and eye-catching way	مُذْهِل / فائِق الجَمال	“The fireworks display over Riyadh skyline was spectacular.”
26	download	verb / noun	to copy data from one computer system to another, typically over the internet	يُحَمِّل (مِن الإِنْتَرْنِت إلى الجِهاز)	“You can download the government Tawakkalna app on your smartphone.”
27	upload	verb / noun	to transfer data from a device to a larger computer system or server	يَرْفَع (مِن الجِهاز إلى الشَّبَكة)	“The student uploaded his research project to the university portal.”
28	app	noun	an application, especially as downloaded by a user to a mobile device	تَطْبِيق (هاتِف ذَكِي)	“There is a helpful navigation app for locating empty parking spaces in the city.”
29	password	noun	a secret word or phrase that must be used to gain admission to a system	كَلِمة المُرُور / كَلِمة السِّرّ	“Always create a strong password containing capital letters, numbers, and symbols.”
30	screen	noun	a flat panel or area on an electronic device on which images and data are displayed	شاشَة	“The new high-resolution OLED screen displays vibrant colors and deep blacks.”
31	keyboard	noun	a panel of keys that operate a computer or typewriter	لَوْحة المَفاتِيح	“He types over eighty words per minute on his mechanical keyboard.”
32	mouse	noun	a hand-held device used to control a cursor on a computer screen	فَأْرة الحَاسُوب (ماوْس)	“Click the left mouse button to select the spreadsheet document.”
33	laptop	noun	a computer that is portable and suitable for use while travelling	حاسُوب مَحْمُول (لابْتُوب)	“She packed her lightweight laptop into her leather briefcase for the flight.”
34	smartphone	noun	a mobile phone that performs many of the functions of a computer	هاتِف ذَكِي	“Smartphones allow instant contactless payments and real-time navigation.”
35	Wi-Fi	noun	a facility allowing computers, smartphones, or other devices to connect to the internet wirelessly	شَبَكة واي فاي (إِنْتَرْنِت لاسِلْكِي)	“High-speed Wi-Fi is available free of charge across all train carriages.”
36	earbuds	noun (plural)	small wireless earphones that fit directly into the outer ear	سَمّاعات أُذُن لاسِلْكِيّة	“He put in his noise-cancelling earbuds to listen to an English podcast.”
37	attach a file	verb phrase	to join a digital document or image to an email message	يُرْفِق مَلَفّاً	“Please attach your updated CV and cover letter in PDF format.”
38	delete	verb	to remove or erase data from a computer system or storage device	يَحْذِف / يَمْسَح	“Remember to delete temporary browser cache files to free up disk space.”
39	install	verb	to set up computer software on a machine so that it is ready for use	يُثَبِّت بَرْنامَجاً / يُنَصِّب	“You need to install the latest security update on your operating system.”
40	update	verb / noun	to incorporate the latest information, security patches, or features into software	يُحَدِّث / تَحْدِيث	“The smartphone automatically updates its apps overnight when connected to Wi-Fi.”
41	online banking	noun phrase	a method of banking in which transactions are conducted over the internet	الخَدَمات المَصْرَفِيّة عَبْر الإِنْتَرْنِت	“Online banking allows instant utility bill payments and domestic money transfers.”
42	social media	noun phrase	websites and applications that enable users to create and share content or participate in networking	وَسائِل التَّواصُل الاجْتِماعِي	“Many local businesses promote their new products on social media platforms.”
43	notification	noun	an automated message or alert from an app informing the user of an event	إِشْعار / تَنْبِيه	“I received a mobile notification that my train ticket has been confirmed.”
44	charger	noun	a device for charging a battery or battery-powered equipment	شاحِن (كَهْرَبائِي)	“Do you have a USB-C fast charger I can borrow for an hour?”
45	battery	noun	a container consisting of one or more cells, in which chemical energy is converted into electricity	بَطّارِيّة	“The laptop battery lasts for over twelve hours of continuous video playback.”
46	What do you think?	phrase	used to ask someone for their opinion on a topic	ما رَأْيُك؟	““We are planning to organize a photography contest. What do you think?””
47	In my opinion	phrase	used to introduce your personal perspective or judgment	فِي رَأْيِي / مِن وُجْهَة نَظَرِي	“In my opinion, high-speed electric trains are superior to domestic flights.”
48	I agree completely	phrase	used to express total agreement with someone’s statement	أَتَّفِق مَعَك تَماماً	““Daily exercise improves mental focus.” — “I agree completely!””
49	I’m not so sure	phrase	polite way to express doubt or mild disagreement	لَسْتُ مُتَأَكِّداً مِن ذَلِك (للاعتراض المؤدب)	““Online courses will replace universities.” — “I’m not so sure about that.””
50	That’s a good point	phrase	used to acknowledge that an argument or idea is valid and insightful	هَذِه نُقْطة وَجِيهة وجَيِّدة	““Solar energy saves costs in the long run.” — “That’s a good point.””
51	I disagree	verb phrase	to have a different opinion from someone else	أَنا أُخالِفُك الرَّأْي / لا أَتَّفِق مَعَك	“I disagree with the proposal to cancel the annual sports tournament.”
52	viewpoint	noun	a person’s opinion or particular way of thinking about something	وُجْهة نَظَر	“From an economic viewpoint, investing in renewable energy is essential.”
53	useful	adjective	able to be used for a practical purpose or in several ways	مُفِيد / نافِع	“Language learning apps are extremely useful for daily vocabulary practice.”
54	useless	adjective	not fulfilling or not expected to achieve the intended purpose	عَدِيم الفائِدة / لا طائِل مِنْه	“An electronic gadget with a dead battery is completely useless.”
55	creative	adjective	relating to or involving the imagination or original ideas	مُبْدِع / ابْتِكارِي	“The graphic designer came up with a creative logo for the startup.”
56	popular	adjective	liked, admired, or enjoyed by many people or by a particular person or group	شائِع / ذُو شَعْبِيّة كَبِيرة	“Cycling has become immensely popular among youth in Riyadh.”
57	exciting	adjective	causing great enthusiasm and eagerness	مُثِير ومُشَوِّق	“Artificial intelligence is one of the most exciting technological fields today.”
58	tiring	adjective	causing one to need rest or sleep; exhausting	مُتْعِب / مُرْهِق	“Driving for eight continuous hours across the desert highway is very tiring.”
59	artificial intelligence	noun phrase	computer systems able to perform tasks normally requiring human intelligence	الذَّكاء الاصْطِناعِي (AI)	“Saudi Arabia is investing heavily in artificial intelligence and robotics research.”
60	smart city	noun phrase	an urban area that uses technology and sensors to enhance city performance and reduce costs	مَدِينة ذَكِيّة	“NEOM is envisioned as a world-leading cognitive smart city powered by renewable energy.”
61	solar energy	noun phrase	radiant energy emitted by the sun converted into electricity	الطّاقَة الشَّمْسِيّة	“The Kingdom’s solar energy plants generate clean power for thousands of homes.”
62	robotics	noun	the branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, and operation of robots	عِلْم الرُّوبُوتات	“High school students built automated robotic sorting arms in the STEM lab.”
63	network	noun	a group of interconnected people, computers, or devices	شَبَكة (حاسُوبِيّة أو اتِّصالات)	“The 5G telecommunications network provides ultra-fast mobile data transfer.”
64	satellite	noun	an artificial body placed in orbit around the earth in order to collect information or communicate	قَمَر صِناعِي	“Saudi Space Agency launched several research satellites to monitor environmental changes.”
65	innovative	adjective	featuring new methods; advanced and original	مُبْتَكَر / تَطْوِيرِي رِيادِي	“The company developed an innovative solution for water desalination.”
66	digital skill	noun phrase	the ability to find, evaluate, utilize, and create information using digital tech	مَهارة رَقْمِيّة	“Coding and data analysis are crucial digital skills for the modern economy.”
67	automation	noun	the use of largely automatic equipment in a system of manufacturing or other processes	الأَتْمَتة (التَّشْغِيل الآلِي)	“Warehouse automation speeds up package sorting and dispatch.”
68	cybersecurity	noun	the practice of protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks	الأَمْن السَّيْبِرانِي	“The National Cybersecurity Authority enforces robust digital protection standards.”
69	database	noun	a structured set of data held in a computer, especially one accessible in various ways	قاعِدة بَيانات	“Patient medical records are securely stored in the hospital central database.”
70	software	noun (uncountable)	the programs and other operating information used by a computer	بَرْمَجِيّات / بَرامِج الحاسُوب	“The engineering firm upgraded its 3D architectural design software.”

Unit 10 Vocabulary Assessment Lab • بنك أسئلة المفردات

70 Cambridge A2-calibrated diagnostic multiple choice questions.

Score: 0 / 70

Item 1 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “travel abroad”?

“travel abroad” means: to travel to or in a foreign country. Example: Have you ever travelled abroad for an international academic conference?

كلمة «travel abroad» تعني: يُسافِر إلى الخارِج. مثال: Have you ever travelled abroad for an international academic conference?

Item 2 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “scuba dive”?

“scuba dive” means: to swim underwater using self-contained breathing equipment. Example: We went to the Red Sea coral reefs to scuba dive among exotic marine life.

كلمة «scuba dive» تعني: يَغُوص (بِمُعَدّات التَّنَفُّس). مثال: We went to the Red Sea coral reefs to scuba dive among exotic marine life.

Item 3 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “climb a mountain”?

“climb a mountain” means: to ascend a steep mountain on foot or using ropes. Example: He has climbed Mount Sawda twice with a certified mountain guide.

كلمة «climb a mountain» تعني: يَتَسَلَّق الجَبَل. مثال: He has climbed Mount Sawda twice with a certified mountain guide.

Item 4 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “ride a camel”?

“ride a camel” means: to sit on and control the movement of a camel. Example: Tourists in AlUla love to ride camels across the golden desert dunes.

كلمة «ride a camel» تعني: يَرْكَب الجَمَل. مثال: Tourists in AlUla love to ride camels across the golden desert dunes.

Item 5 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “sleep in a tent”?

“sleep in a tent” means: to spend the night inside a portable cloth shelter outdoors. Example: We slept in a traditional Bedouin tent under a clear, starlit sky.

كلمة «sleep in a tent» تعني: يَنام فِي خَيْمَة (يُخَيِّم). مثال: We slept in a traditional Bedouin tent under a clear, starlit sky.

Item 6 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “see a wild animal”?

“see a wild animal” means: to observe an animal living in its natural, untamed habitat. Example: During our desert safari, we were lucky to see an Arabian oryx.

كلمة «see a wild animal» تعني: يَرَى حَيَواناً بَرِّيّاً. مثال: During our desert safari, we were lucky to see an Arabian oryx.

Item 7 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “win a prize”?

“win a prize” means: to be awarded a trophy, medal, or award for success in a contest. Example: Our school debate team won first prize in the national tournament.

كلمة «win a prize» تعني: يَفُوز بِجائِزة. مثال: Our school debate team won first prize in the national tournament.

Item 8 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “meet a famous person”?

“meet a famous person” means: to encounter or be introduced to a celebrated public figure. Example: He met a world-famous cardiovascular surgeon at the Riyadh Medical Summit.

كلمة «meet a famous person» تعني: يَلْتَقِي بِشَخْص مَشْهُور. مثال: He met a world-famous cardiovascular surgeon at the Riyadh Medical Summit.

Item 9 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “fly in a helicopter”?

“fly in a helicopter” means: to travel through the air in a rotary-wing aircraft. Example: We flew in a helicopter to view the majestic rock formations of AlUla from above.

كلمة «fly in a helicopter» تعني: يَرْكَب طائِرة هِيلِيكُوبْتَر. مثال: We flew in a helicopter to view the majestic rock formations of AlUla from above.

Item 10 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “sail a boat”?

“sail a boat” means: to travel across water in a yacht or sailboat. Example: He learned how to sail a small boat during his summer vacation in Jeddah.

كلمة «sail a boat» تعني: يُبْحِر بِقارِب. مثال: He learned how to sail a small boat during his summer vacation in Jeddah.

Item 11 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “cook a meal”?

“cook a meal” means: to prepare hot food for breakfast, lunch, or dinner. Example: She cooked a delicious traditional Kabsa meal for the entire extended family.

كلمة «cook a meal» تعني: يَطْبُخ وَجْبة طَعام. مثال: She cooked a delicious traditional Kabsa meal for the entire extended family.

Item 12 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “adventure”?

“adventure” means: an unusual and exciting, typically hazardous, experience or activity. Example: Exploring the volcanic craters of Harrat Khaybar was an unforgettable adventure.

كلمة «adventure» تعني: مُغامَرة. مثال: Exploring the volcanic craters of Harrat Khaybar was an unforgettable adventure.

Item 13 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “experience”?

“experience” means: practical contact with and observation of facts or events; knowledge gained. Example: Studying abroad was a life-changing educational experience.

كلمة «experience» تعني: تَجْرِبة / خِبْرة. مثال: Studying abroad was a life-changing educational experience.

Item 14 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “fascinating”?

“fascinating” means: extremely interesting and captivating. Example: The documentary on deep-sea marine biology was absolutely fascinating.

كلمة «fascinating» تعني: مُثِير لِلاهْتِمام جِدّاً / ساحِر. مثال: The documentary on deep-sea marine biology was absolutely fascinating.

Item 15 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “unusual”?

“unusual” means: not habitually or commonly occurring or done; remarkable. Example: It is unusual to see snow falling on the northern desert hills in winter.

كلمة «unusual» تعني: غَيْر عادِي / فَرِيد. مثال: It is unusual to see snow falling on the northern desert hills in winter.

Item 16 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “brave”?

“brave” means: ready to face and endure danger or pain; showing courage. Example: The brave firefighter rescued the family from the burning building.

كلمة «brave» تعني: شُجاع. مثال: The brave firefighter rescued the family from the burning building.

Item 17 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “thrilling”?

“thrilling” means: causing excitement and pleasure; exhilarating. Example: Riding the roller coaster at Six Flags Qiddiya was a thrilling experience.

كلمة «thrilling» تعني: مُشَوِّق ومُثِير لِلحَماس. مثال: Riding the roller coaster at Six Flags Qiddiya was a thrilling experience.

Item 18 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “discover”?

“discover” means: to find something unexpectedly or in the course of a search. Example: Archaeologists discovered ancient tombs dating back over two thousand years.

كلمة «discover» تعني: يَكْتَشِف. مثال: Archaeologists discovered ancient tombs dating back over two thousand years.

Item 19 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “challenge”?

“challenge” means: a task or situation that tests someone’s abilities. Example: Running a full marathon in warm desert weather is a demanding physical challenge.

كلمة «challenge» تعني: تَحَدٍّ. مثال: Running a full marathon in warm desert weather is a demanding physical challenge.

Item 20 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “achieve”?

“achieve” means: to successfully bring about or reach by effort, skill, or courage. Example: She worked diligently to achieve top academic honors in medical school.

كلمة «achieve» تعني: يُحَقِّق / يُنْجِز. مثال: She worked diligently to achieve top academic honors in medical school.

Item 21 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “wildlife”?

“wildlife” means: wild animals collectively; the native fauna of a region. Example: The national nature reserve protects endangered wildlife species.

كلمة «wildlife» تعني: الحَياة الفِطْرِيّة / البَرِّيّة. مثال: The national nature reserve protects endangered wildlife species.

Item 22 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “safari”?

“safari” means: an expedition to observe or hunt animals in their natural habitat. Example: We booked a 4x4 desert safari to explore the vast golden sand dunes.

كلمة «safari» تعني: رِحْلة سَفارِي. مثال: We booked a 4x4 desert safari to explore the vast golden sand dunes.

Item 23 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “guide”?

“guide” means: a person who shows the way to others, especially one employed to show tourists around. Example: Our local Saudi heritage guide explained the historical inscriptions in detail.

كلمة «guide» تعني: مُرْشِد سِياحِي / يَقُود. مثال: Our local Saudi heritage guide explained the historical inscriptions in detail.

Item 24 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “monument”?

“monument” means: a building, statue, or other structure erected to commemorate a person or event. Example: The ancient mud-brick fortress of Masmak is a celebrated national monument.

كلمة «monument» تعني: مَعْلَم أَثَرِي / صَرْح. مثال: The ancient mud-brick fortress of Masmak is a celebrated national monument.

Item 25 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10A

What is the meaning or best context for: “spectacular”?

“spectacular” means: beautiful in a dramatic and eye-catching way. Example: The fireworks display over Riyadh skyline was spectacular.

كلمة «spectacular» تعني: مُذْهِل / فائِق الجَمال. مثال: The fireworks display over Riyadh skyline was spectacular.

Item 26 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10B

What is the meaning or best context for: “download”?

“download” means: to copy data from one computer system to another, typically over the internet. Example: You can download the government Tawakkalna app on your smartphone.

كلمة «download» تعني: يُحَمِّل (مِن الإِنْتَرْنِت إلى الجِهاز). مثال: You can download the government Tawakkalna app on your smartphone.

Item 27 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10B

What is the meaning or best context for: “upload”?

“upload” means: to transfer data from a device to a larger computer system or server. Example: The student uploaded his research project to the university portal.

كلمة «upload» تعني: يَرْفَع (مِن الجِهاز إلى الشَّبَكة). مثال: The student uploaded his research project to the university portal.

Item 28 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10B

What is the meaning or best context for: “app”?

“app” means: an application, especially as downloaded by a user to a mobile device. Example: There is a helpful navigation app for locating empty parking spaces in the city.

كلمة «app» تعني: تَطْبِيق (هاتِف ذَكِي). مثال: There is a helpful navigation app for locating empty parking spaces in the city.

Item 29 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10B

What is the meaning or best context for: “password”?

“password” means: a secret word or phrase that must be used to gain admission to a system. Example: Always create a strong password containing capital letters, numbers, and symbols.

كلمة «password» تعني: كَلِمة المُرُور / كَلِمة السِّرّ. مثال: Always create a strong password containing capital letters, numbers, and symbols.

Item 30 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10B

What is the meaning or best context for: “screen”?

“screen” means: a flat panel or area on an electronic device on which images and data are displayed. Example: The new high-resolution OLED screen displays vibrant colors and deep blacks.

كلمة «screen» تعني: شاشَة. مثال: The new high-resolution OLED screen displays vibrant colors and deep blacks.

Item 31 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10B

What is the meaning or best context for: “keyboard”?

“keyboard” means: a panel of keys that operate a computer or typewriter. Example: He types over eighty words per minute on his mechanical keyboard.

كلمة «keyboard» تعني: لَوْحة المَفاتِيح. مثال: He types over eighty words per minute on his mechanical keyboard.

Item 32 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10B

What is the meaning or best context for: “mouse”?

“mouse” means: a hand-held device used to control a cursor on a computer screen. Example: Click the left mouse button to select the spreadsheet document.

كلمة «mouse» تعني: فَأْرة الحَاسُوب (ماوْس). مثال: Click the left mouse button to select the spreadsheet document.

Item 33 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10B

What is the meaning or best context for: “laptop”?

“laptop” means: a computer that is portable and suitable for use while travelling. Example: She packed her lightweight laptop into her leather briefcase for the flight.

كلمة «laptop» تعني: حاسُوب مَحْمُول (لابْتُوب). مثال: She packed her lightweight laptop into her leather briefcase for the flight.

Item 34 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10B

What is the meaning or best context for: “smartphone”?

“smartphone” means: a mobile phone that performs many of the functions of a computer. Example: Smartphones allow instant contactless payments and real-time navigation.

كلمة «smartphone» تعني: هاتِف ذَكِي. مثال: Smartphones allow instant contactless payments and real-time navigation.

Item 35 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10B

What is the meaning or best context for: “Wi-Fi”?

“Wi-Fi” means: a facility allowing computers, smartphones, or other devices to connect to the internet wirelessly. Example: High-speed Wi-Fi is available free of charge across all train carriages.

كلمة «Wi-Fi» تعني: شَبَكة واي فاي (إِنْتَرْنِت لاسِلْكِي). مثال: High-speed Wi-Fi is available free of charge across all train carriages.

Item 36 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10B

What is the meaning or best context for: “earbuds”?

“earbuds” means: small wireless earphones that fit directly into the outer ear. Example: He put in his noise-cancelling earbuds to listen to an English podcast.

كلمة «earbuds» تعني: سَمّاعات أُذُن لاسِلْكِيّة. مثال: He put in his noise-cancelling earbuds to listen to an English podcast.

Item 37 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10B

What is the meaning or best context for: “attach a file”?

“attach a file” means: to join a digital document or image to an email message. Example: Please attach your updated CV and cover letter in PDF format.

كلمة «attach a file» تعني: يُرْفِق مَلَفّاً. مثال: Please attach your updated CV and cover letter in PDF format.

Item 38 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10B

What is the meaning or best context for: “delete”?

“delete” means: to remove or erase data from a computer system or storage device. Example: Remember to delete temporary browser cache files to free up disk space.

كلمة «delete» تعني: يَحْذِف / يَمْسَح. مثال: Remember to delete temporary browser cache files to free up disk space.

Item 39 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10B

What is the meaning or best context for: “install”?

“install” means: to set up computer software on a machine so that it is ready for use. Example: You need to install the latest security update on your operating system.

كلمة «install» تعني: يُثَبِّت بَرْنامَجاً / يُنَصِّب. مثال: You need to install the latest security update on your operating system.

Item 40 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10B

What is the meaning or best context for: “update”?

“update” means: to incorporate the latest information, security patches, or features into software. Example: The smartphone automatically updates its apps overnight when connected to Wi-Fi.

كلمة «update» تعني: يُحَدِّث / تَحْدِيث. مثال: The smartphone automatically updates its apps overnight when connected to Wi-Fi.

Item 41 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10B

What is the meaning or best context for: “online banking”?

“online banking” means: a method of banking in which transactions are conducted over the internet. Example: Online banking allows instant utility bill payments and domestic money transfers.

كلمة «online banking» تعني: الخَدَمات المَصْرَفِيّة عَبْر الإِنْتَرْنِت. مثال: Online banking allows instant utility bill payments and domestic money transfers.

Item 42 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10B

What is the meaning or best context for: “social media”?

“social media” means: websites and applications that enable users to create and share content or participate in networking. Example: Many local businesses promote their new products on social media platforms.

كلمة «social media» تعني: وَسائِل التَّواصُل الاجْتِماعِي. مثال: Many local businesses promote their new products on social media platforms.

Item 43 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10B

What is the meaning or best context for: “notification”?

“notification” means: an automated message or alert from an app informing the user of an event. Example: I received a mobile notification that my train ticket has been confirmed.

كلمة «notification» تعني: إِشْعار / تَنْبِيه. مثال: I received a mobile notification that my train ticket has been confirmed.

Item 44 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10B

What is the meaning or best context for: “charger”?

“charger” means: a device for charging a battery or battery-powered equipment. Example: Do you have a USB-C fast charger I can borrow for an hour?

كلمة «charger» تعني: شاحِن (كَهْرَبائِي). مثال: Do you have a USB-C fast charger I can borrow for an hour?

Item 45 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10B

What is the meaning or best context for: “battery”?

“battery” means: a container consisting of one or more cells, in which chemical energy is converted into electricity. Example: The laptop battery lasts for over twelve hours of continuous video playback.

كلمة «battery» تعني: بَطّارِيّة. مثال: The laptop battery lasts for over twelve hours of continuous video playback.

Item 46 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10C

What is the meaning or best context for: “What do you think?”?

“What do you think?” means: used to ask someone for their opinion on a topic. Example: “We are planning to organize a photography contest. What do you think?”

كلمة «What do you think?» تعني: ما رَأْيُك؟. مثال: “We are planning to organize a photography contest. What do you think?”

Item 47 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10C

What is the meaning or best context for: “In my opinion”?

“In my opinion” means: used to introduce your personal perspective or judgment. Example: In my opinion, high-speed electric trains are superior to domestic flights.

كلمة «In my opinion» تعني: فِي رَأْيِي / مِن وُجْهَة نَظَرِي. مثال: In my opinion, high-speed electric trains are superior to domestic flights.

Item 48 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10C

What is the meaning or best context for: “I agree completely”?

“I agree completely” means: used to express total agreement with someone’s statement. Example: “Daily exercise improves mental focus.” — “I agree completely!”

كلمة «I agree completely» تعني: أَتَّفِق مَعَك تَماماً. مثال: “Daily exercise improves mental focus.” — “I agree completely!”

Item 49 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10C

What is the meaning or best context for: “I’m not so sure”?

“I’m not so sure” means: polite way to express doubt or mild disagreement. Example: “Online courses will replace universities.” — “I’m not so sure about that.”

كلمة «I’m not so sure» تعني: لَسْتُ مُتَأَكِّداً مِن ذَلِك (للاعتراض المؤدب). مثال: “Online courses will replace universities.” — “I’m not so sure about that.”

Item 50 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10C

What is the meaning or best context for: “That’s a good point”?

“That’s a good point” means: used to acknowledge that an argument or idea is valid and insightful. Example: “Solar energy saves costs in the long run.” — “That’s a good point.”

كلمة «That’s a good point» تعني: هَذِه نُقْطة وَجِيهة وجَيِّدة. مثال: “Solar energy saves costs in the long run.” — “That’s a good point.”

Item 51 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10C

What is the meaning or best context for: “I disagree”?

“I disagree” means: to have a different opinion from someone else. Example: I disagree with the proposal to cancel the annual sports tournament.

كلمة «I disagree» تعني: أَنا أُخالِفُك الرَّأْي / لا أَتَّفِق مَعَك. مثال: I disagree with the proposal to cancel the annual sports tournament.

Item 52 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10C

What is the meaning or best context for: “viewpoint”?

“viewpoint” means: a person’s opinion or particular way of thinking about something. Example: From an economic viewpoint, investing in renewable energy is essential.

كلمة «viewpoint» تعني: وُجْهة نَظَر. مثال: From an economic viewpoint, investing in renewable energy is essential.

Item 53 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10C

What is the meaning or best context for: “useful”?

“useful” means: able to be used for a practical purpose or in several ways. Example: Language learning apps are extremely useful for daily vocabulary practice.

كلمة «useful» تعني: مُفِيد / نافِع. مثال: Language learning apps are extremely useful for daily vocabulary practice.

Item 54 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10C

What is the meaning or best context for: “useless”?

“useless” means: not fulfilling or not expected to achieve the intended purpose. Example: An electronic gadget with a dead battery is completely useless.

كلمة «useless» تعني: عَدِيم الفائِدة / لا طائِل مِنْه. مثال: An electronic gadget with a dead battery is completely useless.

Item 55 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10C

What is the meaning or best context for: “creative”?

“creative” means: relating to or involving the imagination or original ideas. Example: The graphic designer came up with a creative logo for the startup.

كلمة «creative» تعني: مُبْدِع / ابْتِكارِي. مثال: The graphic designer came up with a creative logo for the startup.

Item 56 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10C

What is the meaning or best context for: “popular”?

“popular” means: liked, admired, or enjoyed by many people or by a particular person or group. Example: Cycling has become immensely popular among youth in Riyadh.

كلمة «popular» تعني: شائِع / ذُو شَعْبِيّة كَبِيرة. مثال: Cycling has become immensely popular among youth in Riyadh.

Item 57 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10C

What is the meaning or best context for: “exciting”?

“exciting” means: causing great enthusiasm and eagerness. Example: Artificial intelligence is one of the most exciting technological fields today.

كلمة «exciting» تعني: مُثِير ومُشَوِّق. مثال: Artificial intelligence is one of the most exciting technological fields today.

Item 58 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10C

What is the meaning or best context for: “tiring”?

“tiring” means: causing one to need rest or sleep; exhausting. Example: Driving for eight continuous hours across the desert highway is very tiring.

كلمة «tiring» تعني: مُتْعِب / مُرْهِق. مثال: Driving for eight continuous hours across the desert highway is very tiring.

Item 59 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10D

What is the meaning or best context for: “artificial intelligence”?

“artificial intelligence” means: computer systems able to perform tasks normally requiring human intelligence. Example: Saudi Arabia is investing heavily in artificial intelligence and robotics research.

كلمة «artificial intelligence» تعني: الذَّكاء الاصْطِناعِي (AI). مثال: Saudi Arabia is investing heavily in artificial intelligence and robotics research.

Item 60 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10D

What is the meaning or best context for: “smart city”?

“smart city” means: an urban area that uses technology and sensors to enhance city performance and reduce costs. Example: NEOM is envisioned as a world-leading cognitive smart city powered by renewable energy.

كلمة «smart city» تعني: مَدِينة ذَكِيّة. مثال: NEOM is envisioned as a world-leading cognitive smart city powered by renewable energy.

Item 61 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10D

What is the meaning or best context for: “solar energy”?

“solar energy” means: radiant energy emitted by the sun converted into electricity. Example: The Kingdom’s solar energy plants generate clean power for thousands of homes.

كلمة «solar energy» تعني: الطّاقَة الشَّمْسِيّة. مثال: The Kingdom’s solar energy plants generate clean power for thousands of homes.

Item 62 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10D

What is the meaning or best context for: “robotics”?

“robotics” means: the branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, and operation of robots. Example: High school students built automated robotic sorting arms in the STEM lab.

كلمة «robotics» تعني: عِلْم الرُّوبُوتات. مثال: High school students built automated robotic sorting arms in the STEM lab.

Item 63 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10D

What is the meaning or best context for: “network”?

“network” means: a group of interconnected people, computers, or devices. Example: The 5G telecommunications network provides ultra-fast mobile data transfer.

كلمة «network» تعني: شَبَكة (حاسُوبِيّة أو اتِّصالات). مثال: The 5G telecommunications network provides ultra-fast mobile data transfer.

Item 64 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10D

What is the meaning or best context for: “satellite”?

“satellite” means: an artificial body placed in orbit around the earth in order to collect information or communicate. Example: Saudi Space Agency launched several research satellites to monitor environmental changes.

كلمة «satellite» تعني: قَمَر صِناعِي. مثال: Saudi Space Agency launched several research satellites to monitor environmental changes.

Item 65 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10D

What is the meaning or best context for: “innovative”?

“innovative” means: featuring new methods; advanced and original. Example: The company developed an innovative solution for water desalination.

كلمة «innovative» تعني: مُبْتَكَر / تَطْوِيرِي رِيادِي. مثال: The company developed an innovative solution for water desalination.

Item 66 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10D

What is the meaning or best context for: “digital skill”?

“digital skill” means: the ability to find, evaluate, utilize, and create information using digital tech. Example: Coding and data analysis are crucial digital skills for the modern economy.

كلمة «digital skill» تعني: مَهارة رَقْمِيّة. مثال: Coding and data analysis are crucial digital skills for the modern economy.

Item 67 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10D

What is the meaning or best context for: “automation”?

“automation” means: the use of largely automatic equipment in a system of manufacturing or other processes. Example: Warehouse automation speeds up package sorting and dispatch.

كلمة «automation» تعني: الأَتْمَتة (التَّشْغِيل الآلِي). مثال: Warehouse automation speeds up package sorting and dispatch.

Item 68 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10D

What is the meaning or best context for: “cybersecurity”?

“cybersecurity” means: the practice of protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks. Example: The National Cybersecurity Authority enforces robust digital protection standards.

كلمة «cybersecurity» تعني: الأَمْن السَّيْبِرانِي. مثال: The National Cybersecurity Authority enforces robust digital protection standards.

Item 69 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10D

What is the meaning or best context for: “database”?

“database” means: a structured set of data held in a computer, especially one accessible in various ways. Example: Patient medical records are securely stored in the hospital central database.

كلمة «database» تعني: قاعِدة بَيانات. مثال: Patient medical records are securely stored in the hospital central database.

Item 70 of 70 Vocabulary Unit 10: 10D

What is the meaning or best context for: “software”?

“software” means: the programs and other operating information used by a computer. Example: The engineering firm upgraded its 3D architectural design software.

كلمة «software» تعني: بَرْمَجِيّات / بَرامِج الحاسُوب. مثال: The engineering firm upgraded its 3D architectural design software.

Unit 10 Grammar Masterclass • الدليل الشامل لقواعد الوحدة

Deep conceptual breakdown of grammatical structures, visual comparison matrices, and Saudi ESL learner alerts.

⚡

Present Perfect (Ever / Never) vs. Past Simple & Past Participles

Master life experience questions with "ever", negatives with "never", and the contrast with specific finished past events (CEFR A2 Standard)

1. Life Experiences: Have you ever...? / I have never...

We use the Present Perfect Simple (have/has + Past Participle) to talk about experiences in our life up to now, without mentioning a specific finished time.

Structure	Formula	Example Sentence
Life Question (ever = at any time)	Have / Has + Subject + ever + Past Participle?	Have you ever seen an Arabian oryx?
Zero Experience (never = not once)	Subject + have / has + never + Past Participle	I have never flown in a helicopter.
Affirmative Experience	Subject + have / has + Past Participle (+ times)	He has visited AlUla three times.

2. Present Perfect vs. Past Simple: The Time Distinction

Present Perfect (General Experience • No Exact Time)

Life experience at an unspecified time:

“I have visited London.” (In my lifetime)

Past Simple (Specific Finished Time in the Past)

Finished event with time words (yesterday, in 2021, two days ago):

“I visited London in 2021.” (Specific completed past)

3. Crucial Distinction: "Have been to" vs. "Have gone to"

🏠 Has been to: Visited and returned back home (→ completed round trip).
“Tariq has been to Dubai three times.” (He is back home in Riyadh now.)

✈️ Has gone to: Traveled there and is still there right now (→ one-way, currently away).
“Where is Tariq? He has gone to Dubai for a conference.” (He is in Dubai now.)

Unit 10 Grammar Diagnostic Bank • بنك أسئلة القواعد

75 ALTE & Cambridge A2 psychometrically balanced questions.

Score: 0 / 75

Grammar Item 1 of 75 Present Perfect: Have you ever + Past Participle

“______ you ever ridden a camel across the desert dunes?” — “Yes, once in AlUla.”

Life experience question with past participle “ridden” starts with “Have you ever...?”.

السؤال عن تجارب الحياة مع التصريف الثالث ridden يبدأ بـ Have you ever...؟

Grammar Item 2 of 75 Present Perfect: Singular Subject with Never

Fahad ______ never travelled outside the Middle East.

Singular subject Fahad (he) takes “has never + past participle”.

الفاعل المفرد الغائب يأخذ has never + التصريف الثالث.

Grammar Item 3 of 75 Present Perfect: Plural with Never

We ______ never seen such a magnificent laser show before.

Plural subject “We” takes “have never seen”.

ضمير الجمع We يأخذ have never seen.

Grammar Item 4 of 75 Past Participle after Ever: Published

“Has Dr. Zaid ever ______ a scientific paper on artificial intelligence?” — “Yes, several.”

After has + ever → Past Participle “published”.

بعد has ever يأتي التصريف الثالث للفعل: published.

Grammar Item 5 of 75 Present Perfect: I have never

I ______ never tried scuba diving in deep waters because I am afraid of heights.

First person singular “I” takes “have never tried”.

ضمير المتكلم I يأخذ have never tried.

Grammar Item 6 of 75 Past Participle: Visited

Have your parents ever ______ the Prophet’s Mosque in Madinah?

Past Participle of visit → “visited”.

التصريف الثالث للفعل visit هو visited.

Grammar Item 7 of 75 Placement of Never in Present Perfect

She has ______ won a gold medal in an international sports tournament.

Positive sentence with negative meaning uses “never” between has and past participle.

تستخدم never بين الفعل المساعد والتصريف الثالث للتعبير عن نفي التجربة: has never won.

Grammar Item 8 of 75 Irregular Past Participle: Fly / Flew / Flown

“Has Sami ever ______ a commercial helicopter?” — “No, never.”

Past Participle of irregular fly → “flown”.

التصريف الثالث الشاذ للفعل fly هو flown.

Grammar Item 9 of 75 Present Perfect: They have never

They ______ never eaten traditional Italian seafood pasta.

They have never eaten.

هم لم يسبق لهم أكل: have never eaten.

Grammar Item 10 of 75 Irregular Past Participle: Meet / Met / Met

“Have you ever ______ a famous international actor in person?”

Past Participle of meet → “met”.

التصريف الثالث للفعل meet هو met.

Grammar Item 11 of 75 Singular Agreement: Has never lost

My brother ______ never lost his passport during any of his trips.

My brother has never lost...

أخي لم يفقد جوازه أبداً: has never lost.

Grammar Item 12 of 75 Irregular Past Participle: Run / Ran / Run

Have you ever ______ a complete marathon from start to finish?

Past Participle of run → “run” (run / ran / run).

التصريف الثالث للفعل run هو run.

Grammar Item 13 of 75 Frequency in Present Perfect: Often

I have ______ slept in a tent under the mountain stars; it’s an amazing experience.

Positive adverb of experience → “often”.

ظرف التكرار الإيجابي: have often slept.

Grammar Item 14 of 75 Past Participle: Programmed

Has she ever ______ a computer game application from scratch?

Past Participle → “programmed”.

التصريف الثالث: programmed.

Grammar Item 15 of 75 Present Perfect: We have never driven

We ______ never driven an electric sports car before.

We have never driven.

لم يسبق لنا قيادة سيارة كهربائية: have never driven.

Grammar Item 16 of 75 Irregular Past Participle: Drink / Drank / Drunk

“Have you ever ______ fresh camel milk?” — “Yes, when I visited my grandfather’s farm.”

Past Participle of drink → “drunk” (drink / drank / drunk).

التصريف الثالث للفعل drink هو drunk.

Grammar Item 17 of 75 Irregular Past Participle: See / Saw / Seen

The students have never ______ an autonomous robotics demonstration before.

Past Participle of see → “seen”.

التصريف الثالث للفعل see هو seen.

Grammar Item 18 of 75 Irregular Past Participle: Give / Gave / Given

Has Tariq ever ______ a speech in front of five hundred people?

Past Participle of give → “given”.

التصريف الثالث للفعل give هو given.

Grammar Item 19 of 75 Past Participle: Encountered

I have never ______ an error code like this on the operating system before.

Past Participle → “encountered”.

التصريف الثالث: encountered.

Grammar Item 20 of 75 Irregular Past Participle: Ride / Rode / Ridden

“Have you ever ______ a horse on the beach?” — “No, I haven’t.”

Past Participle of ride → “ridden”.

التصريف الثالث للفعل ride هو ridden.

Grammar Item 21 of 75 Irregular Past Participle: Leave / Left / Left

She has never ______ her hometown in the southern mountains.

Past Participle of leave → “left”.

التصريف الثالث للفعل leave هو left.

Grammar Item 22 of 75 Past Participle: Participated

Have they ever ______ in an international cyber defense challenge?

Past Participle → “participated”.

التصريف الثالث: participated.

Grammar Item 23 of 75 Past Participle: Witnessed

I have never ______ a more breathtaking desert sunset than in AlUla.

Past Participle → “witnessed”.

التصريف الثالث: witnessed.

Grammar Item 24 of 75 Past Participle: Piloted

Has he ever ______ an aircraft through severe turbulence?

Past Participle → “piloted”.

التصريف الثالث: piloted.

Grammar Item 25 of 75 Past Participle: Experienced

We have never ______ such rapid urban innovation in our city before.

Past Participle → “experienced”.

التصريف الثالث: experienced.

Grammar Item 26 of 75 Present Perfect: Lifetime Frequency

Eng. Mansoor ______ to London three times in his life.

Life experience up to now with frequency “three times” → Present Perfect “has been”.

تكرار التجربة في حياة الشخص دون تحديد وقت ماضٍ محدد يتطلب المضارع التام: has been.

Grammar Item 27 of 75 Past Simple with Specific Finished Time

Eng. Mansoor ______ to London in July 2022 to attend an engineering symposium.

Specific completed time in the past “in July 2022” takes Past Simple → “went”.

تحديد زمن ماضٍ منتهي ومحدد (in July 2022) يتطلب الماضي البسيط: went.

Grammar Item 28 of 75 Been vs. Gone: Has gone to

“Where is Dr. Khalid?” — “He ______ to Dubai for a medical conference; he returns on Sunday.”

He is currently still in Dubai (has not returned yet) → “has gone to”.

هو موجود في دبي حالياً ولم يعد بعد: has gone to.

Grammar Item 29 of 75 Past Simple: Yesterday Afternoon

I ______ my new smartphone yesterday afternoon at the electronics boutique.

Specific past time word “yesterday afternoon” requires Past Simple → “bought”.

وجود ظرف الزمان الماضي yesterday afternoon يتطلب الماضي البسيط: bought.

Grammar Item 30 of 75 Present Perfect with Already

She ______ already downloaded the digital exhibition pass onto her tablet.

Singular she with adverb “already” → “has already downloaded”.

المفرد المؤنث she مع already يأخذ has already downloaded.

Grammar Item 31 of 75 Questions with When: Past Simple (did)

When ______ you graduate from university?

Questions asking about a specific past moment with “When” take Past Simple with “did”.

السؤال عن نقطة زمنية ماضية بـ When يتطلب الماضي البسيط بـ did: When did you graduate...؟

Grammar Item 32 of 75 Past Simple: Last Winter

They ______ the ancient ruins of Hegra last winter during the heritage festival.

Specific past time “last winter” → Past Simple “visited”.

تحديد وقت ماضٍ last winter يتطلب الماضي البسيط: visited.

Grammar Item 33 of 75 Present Perfect with Since

I ______ in Riyadh since I was born.

Action starting in the past and continuing up to the present with “since” → “have lived”.

الحدث المستمر منذ الماضي حتى الحاضر مع since يأخذ المضارع التام: have lived.

Grammar Item 34 of 75 Finished Past Period: Was

Sami lived in Jeddah for five years when he ______ a student in the 1990s.

Finished past state in the 1990s takes Past Simple → “was”.

حالة منتهية في الماضي في التسعينات تأخذ الماضي البسيط: was.

Grammar Item 35 of 75 Past Simple with Ago

“Have you finished writing the project code yet?” — “Yes, I ______ it ten minutes ago.”

Specific time expression “ten minutes ago” takes Past Simple → “finished”.

التعبير الزمني ten minutes ago يتطلب الماضي البسيط: finished.

Grammar Item 36 of 75 Present Perfect: Over the Years

We ______ several awards for our green architectural innovations over the years.

Over the years (up to now) → “have received”.

على مر السنين حتى الحاضر: have received.

Grammar Item 37 of 75 Past Simple: In 2021

The company ______ its flagship smart store in 2021.

Specific past year “in 2021” → Past Simple “opened”.

في عام 2021 (سنة ماضية محددة): opened.

Grammar Item 38 of 75 Present Perfect: Have been to

I ______ to Makkah many times for Umrah; it is always peaceful.

Completed visits with return → “have been to”.

الزيارة والعودة بسلام: have been to.

Grammar Item 39 of 75 Past Simple: Five Minutes Ago

Tariq ______ his lost car keys under the sofa five minutes ago.

Five minutes ago → “found”.

منذ خمس دقائق: found.

Grammar Item 40 of 75 Present Perfect: Unfinished Time Period

She ______ four technical articles this week, and she is working on the fifth.

Unfinished time period “this week” with ongoing relevance → “has written”.

فترة زمنية غير منتهية this week مع استمرار الإنجاز: has written.

Grammar Item 41 of 75 Past Simple Question: Did it end

What time ______ the conference presentation end yesterday?

Yesterday → What time did... end?

أمس: What time did it end?

Grammar Item 42 of 75 Present Perfect: We have never met

We ______ never met the chief executive officer in person.

We have never met.

لم نلتقِ به شخصياً أبداً: have never met.

Grammar Item 43 of 75 Past Simple: Last Summer

He ______ his knee during a soccer tournament last summer.

Last summer → “injured”.

الصيف الماضي: injured.

Grammar Item 44 of 75 Present Perfect Short Answer: They have

“Has the team completed the software test?” — “Yes, they ______.”

Short answer: “Yes, they have.”

الإجابة القصيرة: Yes, they have.

Grammar Item 45 of 75 Past Simple: Historical Event

The historic library ______ down in 1840 during a major city fire.

Specific historical year “in 1840” → “burned”.

في عام 1840: burned.

Grammar Item 46 of 75 Present Perfect: Multiple Times

I ______ that science fiction film three times because the visual effects are superb.

Lifetime frequency “three times” → “have watched”.

ثلاث مرات في حياتي: have watched.

Grammar Item 47 of 75 Past Simple Wh- Question: Where did you

Where ______ you travel during your last Eid vacation?

Where did you travel... (specific past vacation).

أين سافرت في إجازتك الماضية: Where did you travel...؟

Grammar Item 48 of 75 Past Simple: Last May

She ______ her university degree in computer science last May.

Last May → “completed”.

مايو الماضي: completed.

Grammar Item 49 of 75 Present Perfect: Achievements So Far

Dr. Fatima ______ over two hundred successful surgeries in her career so far.

Cumulative career achievement “so far” → “has performed”.

إنجاز تراكمي حتى الآن: has performed.

Grammar Item 50 of 75 Past Simple: Yesterday Morning

They ______ the new terminal construction project yesterday morning.

Yesterday morning → “inspected”.

صباح أمس: inspected.

Grammar Item 51 of 75 Past Participle: Installed

The technician has already ______ the updated network security patches.

Has + already + Past Participle “installed”.

التصريف الثالث: installed.

Grammar Item 52 of 75 Irregular Past Participle: Written

Have you ever ______ a computer program using Python?

Past Participle of write → “written”.

التصريف الثالث للفعل write هو written.

Grammar Item 53 of 75 Irregular Past Participle: Forgotten

He has ______ his password three times this morning and got locked out.

Past Participle of forget → “forgotten”.

التصريف الثالث للفعل forget هو forgotten.

Grammar Item 54 of 75 Past Participle: Uploaded

All confidential company files have been securely ______ to the cloud database.

Passive past participle → “uploaded”.

التصريف الثالث: uploaded.

Grammar Item 55 of 75 Past Participle: Replaced

Have they ______ the malfunctioning sensor in the server room?

Past Participle → “replaced”.

التصريف الثالث: replaced.

Grammar Item 56 of 75 Past Participle: Plugged

She has ______ her mobile phone into the smart charger.

Past Participle → “plugged”.

التصريف الثالث: plugged.

Grammar Item 57 of 75 Past Participle: Deleted

We have ______ all unused applications to optimize battery life.

Past Participle → “deleted”.

التصريف الثالث: deleted.

Grammar Item 58 of 75 Past Participle: Competed

Have you ever ______ in an international esports championship?

Past Participle → “competed”.

التصريف الثالث: competed.

Grammar Item 59 of 75 Past Participle: Created

The software developers have ______ a groundbreaking AI assistant.

Past Participle → “created”.

التصريف الثالث: created.

Grammar Item 60 of 75 Past Participle: Earned

He has ______ two international tech certifications this term.

Past Participle → “earned”.

التصريف الثالث: earned.

Grammar Item 61 of 75 Past Participle: Checked

Have you ______ your inbox for the confirmation email?

Past Participle → “checked”.

التصريف الثالث: checked.

Grammar Item 62 of 75 Irregular Past Participle: Read

She has ______ several digital books on cognitive psychology.

Past Participle of read is spelled “read” (pronounced /red/).

التصريف الثالث للفعل read يكتب read وينطق رِد.

Grammar Item 63 of 75 Past Participle: Verified

The automated system has ______ all incoming transactions in real time.

Consonant + y → “verified”.

التصريف الثالث مع تحويل y: verified.

Grammar Item 64 of 75 Past Participle: Operated

Have you ever ______ a drone equipped with a 4K camera?

Past Participle → “operated”.

التصريف الثالث: operated.

Grammar Item 65 of 75 Past Participle: Copied

We have ______ all necessary backup files onto external solid-state drives.

Consonant + y → “copied”.

التصريف الثالث: copied.

Grammar Item 66 of 75 Past Participle: Restarted

He has ______ his Wi-Fi router to improve connectivity speeds.

Past Participle → “restarted”.

التصريف الثالث: restarted.

Grammar Item 67 of 75 Past Participle: Identified

Have the engineers ______ the cause of the network outage?

Past Participle → “identified”.

التصريف الثالث: identified.

Grammar Item 68 of 75 Past Participle: Enhanced

She has ______ her presentation slides with high-resolution infographics.

Past Participle → “enhanced”.

التصريف الثالث: enhanced.

Grammar Item 69 of 75 Past Participle: Accepted

Have you ______ the terms and conditions before signing up?

Past Participle → “accepted”.

التصريف الثالث: accepted.

Grammar Item 70 of 75 Past Participle: Launched

The team has ______ the beta version of the mobile application.

Past Participle → “launched”.

التصريف الثالث: launched.

Grammar Item 71 of 75 Past Participle: Attached

I have ______ the PDF document to my email message.

Past Participle → “attached”.

التصريف الثالث: attached.

Grammar Item 72 of 75 Past Participle: Dispatched

Has the bank ______ the contactless credit card to your home address?

Past Participle → “dispatched”.

التصريف الثالث: dispatched.

Grammar Item 73 of 75 Present Perfect: Worked Since

They have ______ in this technological research lab since 2018.

Present perfect with since → “have worked”.

المضارع التام مع since: have worked.

Grammar Item 74 of 75 Past Participle: Compiled

Have you ever ______ an error-free program on your first attempt?

Past Participle → “compiled”.

التصريف الثالث: compiled.

Grammar Item 75 of 75 Irregular Past Participle: Set

The Kingdom has ______ global benchmarks in digital government services.

Past Participle of set is invariable → “set” (set / set / set).

التصريف الثالث للفعل set يبقى كما هو set.